ISRO GSLV-F17 EOS-05 Mission 2026 | MPPSC & UPSC

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched the EOS-05 (Earth Observation Satellite-05) aboard the GSLV-F17 (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) rocket from the Second Launch Pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC SHAR), Sriharikota. Nicknamed 'Eye in the Sky', this satellite operates from a 36,000 km Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO) to deliver 24/7 real-time surveillance across India's 7,500+ km coastline and northern/eastern borders. This comprehensive study material is specifically tailored for MPPSC (Mains Paper 3 Unit 7) and UPSC (GS-3 Science & Tech) civil services candidates.

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GSLV-F17 EOS-05 Mission: Quick Fact Sheet

• Launching Agency: Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
• Launch Rocket: GSLV-F17 (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle)
• Satellite Name: EOS-05 (Earth Observation Satellite-05 / 'Eye in the Sky')
• Launch Site: Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC SHAR), Sriharikota (Andhra Pradesh)
• Target Orbit: Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO, ~36,000 km altitude)
• 3rd Stage Engine: Indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage (CUS - Cryogenic Upper Stage)
• Primary Applications: 24/7 border security, cyclone/flood early warning, agriculture & coastal management

GSLV-F17 Technical Architecture & Cryogenic Stage

GSLV-F17 is a 3-stage heavy launch vehicle:

• First Stage (S139): Solid propellant (Solid Fuel - HTPB) with 4 Vikas liquid strap-on motors.
• Second Stage (GS2): Liquid propellant (Vikas Engine) operating on Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH).
• Third Stage (CUS - CE-7.5): ISRO's indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage burning Liquid Hydrogen (LH2 -253°C) and Liquid Oxygen (LOX -183°C) at extreme sub-zero temperatures. This engine injects heavy satellites into 36,000 km high orbit.

MPPSC & UPSC Exam Point of View (Exam POV)

• MPPSC Mains Paper 3 Unit 7: ISRO history, satellite classifications (Remote Sensing vs Communication), Cryogenic development (CE-7.5 / CE-20), and societal benefits.
• UPSC GS-3 (Science & Tech / Security): Indian Space Policy 2023, Space 2.0 commercialization, dual-use satellite applications in national defense, and disaster management (SDG 13 & 14).