The Indian Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly. Facts regarding its formation, composition, timeline of meetings, drafting committees, and key office bearers are frequently asked in UPSC, MPPSC, SSC, and other competitive examinations.

• Basis of Formation: Cabinet Mission Plan (1946)
• First Meeting: December 9, 1946 (in the Central Hall of Parliament)
• Adoption of the Constitution: November 26, 1949 (Celebrated as 'Constitution Day' or 'Samvidhan Diwas' in India)
• Final Session: January 24, 1950 (Members signed the official manuscript copies)
• Date of Commencement: January 26, 1950 (Commemorated as Republic Day)

• Initial Strength (Before Partition): 389 Members
• From British Provinces: 292 members
• From Princely States: 93 members
• From Chief Commissioner's Provinces: 4 members
• Post-Partition Strength (299 Members): Reduced from 389 following the withdrawal of Muslim League representatives.
• Women Representation (15 Members): A total of 15 women were part of the assembly. Key figures include:

• Temporary President: Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha (Chosen on Dec 9, 1946, as the oldest member, following the French practice)
• Permanent President: Dr. Rajendra Prasad (Elected on Dec 11, 1946)
• Vice-Presidents: Frank Anthony (Temporary) | H. C. Mookherjee (Permanent)
• Constitutional Advisor: Sir B. N. Rau (Benegal Narsing Rau)

• Chairman of Drafting Committee: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar (Appointed on August 29, 1947; Committee size: 7 members)
• : H. V. R. Iengar

• Total Time Taken: 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days
• Total Sessions: 11 Sessions (comprising 165 days of active work)
• Consideration of Draft Constitution: 114 days
• Total Expenditure Incurred: ₹63,96,729
• Seal/Symbol of the Assembly: Elephant
• Three Readings of the Draft Constitution:
• First Reading: November 4

• Calligrapher of the Original English Copy: Prem Behari Narain Raizada (Handwrote the entire constitution in beautiful running italic style without charging any fee, on the condition that he sign every page and include his grandfather's name on the final page)
• Calligrapher of the Hindi Copy: Vasant Krishnan Vaidya

• Beautification and Illuminations: Executed by artists from Shantiniketan:
• Lead artist: Nandalal Bose
• Preamble Page Illustrator: Beohar Rammanohar Sinha (Signed the page under his nickname 'Ram' in the bottom corner)